000			03420nam a22001337a 4500
008			220815t2019 ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
245			_aLAPORAN PERMODELAN RIZAB AIR TANAH NEGARA LEMBANGAN SG MUDA, KEDAH
250			_aRMK 11
260			_aPutrajaya _bDepartment Mineral and Geoscience Malaysia _c2019
300			_ai - xix, 253p. 21 cm x 30 cm
500			_aRM 150.00 _bThe project titled "PERKHIMATAN PEMODELAN SUMBER AIR TANAH LEMBANGAN SUNGAI MUDA, KEDAH DARUL AMAN" was awarded to Geomapping Technology Sdn Bhd by the Department of Mineral and Geoscience (Jabatan Mineral Dan Geosains Malaysia), Shah Alam, Selangor Wilayah Persekutuan (JMG.SWP.SH). The purpose of the project is to develop a groundwater flow model for Muda River Basin using numerical groundwater flow model/code. The primary objective is to provide quantitative estimates of maximum sustainable extractions from the aquifer which can support technical decision and planning for groundwater resource development of the Basin. Three (3) main hydro stratigraphic unit were considered for the basin. This comprise of two aquifer system: (i) upper aquifer and (ii) fractured bedrock aquifer. The layer comprise of one (1) unconfined layer at tge top of the model (Layer 1), one (1) convertible (confined-unconfined) layer that defines the upper or main Muda Basin Aquifer (Layer 2) and lastly one (1) confined, underlying fractured bedrock aquifer (Layer 3). The basin is developed and calibrated as transient - state model using MODFLOW-2005. Data and inputs were integrated together using Visual Modflow flex software. The model performed well confidential interval or correlation coefficient is 92% (0.92), standard error (0.27 m) and RMSE (9.8). The regional trend of groundwater movement is north-southwest direction towards the coast (Strait of Melaka). The Lower Muda River recharges the aquifer at the rate of 59,866.28 m3/day around the locations of Kampung Permatang Kedundung (CH21.5 - CH41.2) and between Kampung Pantai Indau - Kampung Lesong Tujoh (CH34 - CH41.2). The bulk of recharge comes from rainfall (2,098,631.00 m3/day). Recharge as evapotranspiration (13, 856,432 mm/yr) account for 56.5%, equivalent to 1400 mm/yr of average annual raonfall. Based on the water budgets estimates, the total flow of groundwater through the Muda Basin is = 14.1 million m3/day. The available water in storage is =11.7 milliom m3/day (11,766,812.45 m3/day). The results of the water budget computed for the individual aquifers and catchment areas show that the main Muda Aquifer (Layer 2) is the aquifer with the greatest groundwater reserve and the available water in storage = 11,701,043.0 m3/day. Wkereas, in the catchment areas, the forested lands is the sub-catchment with the greatest groundwater ptential at = 5.3 million m3/day (5,355,100.0011 m3/day). For groundwater development to be sustainable in the basin, it is suggested that the authorities at Muda River Basin should reach a reasonable compromise by making all abstraction less than 50% of natural recharge. Generally, the model is adequate enough to provide the basic information's required for the groundwater flow and aquifer estimates in the Basin. However, the model still requires more data for upgrade, refining and calibrations. Recommendations were suggested to improve the model.
648			_xHidrologi _ySungai Muda _zKedah
942			_2ddc _e24 _h551.49
999			_c24760 _d24760